Wednesday, October 28, 2020

LeetCode [622] Design Circular Queue

 622. Design Circular Queue

Medium

Design your implementation of the circular queue. The circular queue is a linear data structure in which the operations are performed based on FIFO (First In First Out) principle and the last position is connected back to the first position to make a circle. It is also called "Ring Buffer".

One of the benefits of the circular queue is that we can make use of the spaces in front of the queue. In a normal queue, once the queue becomes full, we cannot insert the next element even if there is a space in front of the queue. But using the circular queue, we can use the space to store new values.

Your implementation should support following operations:

  • MyCircularQueue(k): Constructor, set the size of the queue to be k.
  • Front: Get the front item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return -1.
  • Rear: Get the last item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return -1.
  • enQueue(value): Insert an element into the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful.
  • deQueue(): Delete an element from the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful.
  • isEmpty(): Checks whether the circular queue is empty or not.
  • isFull(): Checks whether the circular queue is full or not.

 

Example:

MyCircularQueue circularQueue = new MyCircularQueue(3); // set the size to be 3
circularQueue.enQueue(1);  // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(2);  // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(3);  // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(4);  // return false, the queue is full
circularQueue.Rear();  // return 3
circularQueue.isFull();  // return true
circularQueue.deQueue();  // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(4);  // return true
circularQueue.Rear();  // return 4
 

Note:

  • All values will be in the range of [0, 1000].
  • The number of operations will be in the range of [1, 1000].
  • Please do not use the built-in Queue library.
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class MyCircularQueue {
        final int[] a;
        int front, rear = -1, len = 0;

        public MyCircularQueue(int k) { a = new int[k];}

        public boolean enQueue(int val) {
            if (!isFull()) {
                rear = (rear + 1) % a.length;
                a[rear] = val;
                len++;
                return true;
            } else return false;
        }

        public boolean deQueue() {
            if (!isEmpty()) {
                front = (front + 1) % a.length;
                len--;
                return true;
            } else return false;
        }

        public int Front() { return isEmpty() ? -1 : a[front];}

        public int Rear() {return isEmpty() ? -1 : a[rear];}

        public boolean isEmpty() { return len == 0;}

        public boolean isFull() { return len == a.length;}
    }

/**
 * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * MyCircularQueue obj = new MyCircularQueue(k);
 * boolean param_1 = obj.enQueue(value);
 * boolean param_2 = obj.deQueue();
 * int param_3 = obj.Front();
 * int param_4 = obj.Rear();
 * boolean param_5 = obj.isEmpty();
 * boolean param_6 = obj.isFull();
 */
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